Mohd Farid

Mohd Farid

Wednesday, September 26, 2012

The Sonographer Attachment Programme At USA Report : Technical Expertise


1.2 Technical Expertise

Proper ultrasound instrument operation is critical in obtaining diagnostic images. The operator must be able to properly display cardiac and/or vascular structures and blood flow in each of the imaging views. A cardiac sonographer must demonstrate proficiency in the performance of two-dimensional, M-mode, and Doppler such as pulsed wave, continuous wave and color flow echocardiographic diagnostic procedures.

Visualization of all cardiac chambers, valves, and vessels, with appropriate structural and blood flow measurements, should be provided using a standardized protocol. Abnormal echocardiographic and Doppler velocities that are indicative of cardiovascular pathophysiology must be accurately documented.

There are multiple types of specialty practices in echocardiography, including adult transthoracic, pediatric transthoracic, fetal, transesophageal, exercise and pharmacologic stress examinations. The Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Echocardiography Laboratories (ICAEL) and the ASE has established guidelines and protocols for each of these practice areas which should be followed. 

In addition, in light of the increasing use of echocardiography contrast agents, a cardiac sonographer who performs echocardiograms in a laboratory that uses contrast agents should be familiar with the use, potential side effects, and indications for such agents, as well as any special protocols required by the institution. If a cardiac sonographer participates in the performance of invasive procedures such as intraoperative and echo-guided interventions or performs new technologies, such as three-dimensional echocardiography, the sonographer must demonstrate knowledge and competency in these additional specialty areas.

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